| Abstract |
| Surface water, including lakes, is susceptible to contamination from both point and nonpoint sources, thereby affecting its quality, especially in drinking water sources. This study investigates the effectiveness of granular media filters (sand filter and granular activated carbon (GAC) filter) coupled with membrane filtration (MF) processes in the advanced treatment of lake water with varying levels of organic and turbid matter, which are influenced by seasonal changes. The filtration rates applied were <120 m/d for RSF and 0.5 ㎥/㎡.d for MF, with influent concentrations averaging turbidity <110 ntu, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) <10.2 mg/L, and ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (UV254) <0.3 cm-1. The results demonstrated that both the SF process and the RSF-MF system achieved over 90% efficiency in removing turbid matter. However, the removal efficiency of UV254 and DOC was <40% for the SF process and <80% for the RSF-MF system. This indicates that the RSF-MF system achieved a two-times higher removal rate for UV254 and DOC than the SF process. In particular, the GAC-MF system achieved consdierably higher removal rate for UV254 and DOC than the SF-MF system. In terms of transmembrane pressure (TMP), the TMP increasing rate of MF was proportional to the increasing rate of humic acid from 2 mg/L to 10 mg/L. These findings underscore the necessity of incorporating the SF process before membrane filtration for cost-effective lake water treatment. This approach ensures efficient reduction of organic and turbid matters, along with mitigating membrane fouling by effectively reducing TMP. |
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| Key Words |
| Granular media filters, Humic substance, Lake water treatment, Membrane filtration process, TMP, Turbid matter, 입상여층, 휴민물질, 호소수처리, 분리막시스템, 막간 차압, 탁질 |
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