| Abstract |
| This study tested the adsorption Pb(II) from aqueous solution using a sulfonation of dried watermelon rind (SWR). After sulfonation of watermelon rind, the H/C and O/C ratios improved from 0.046 to 0.13 and 0.662 to 1.28, respectively, According to Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis, the peaks of sulfonic-acid (R-SO3H), carboxylic groups, and bonded OH-group were larger in the SWR than that of dried raw watermelon rind samples. In the various parameter studies, 1 g/L adsorbent and a pH 7 were optimal for the adsorption of Pb(II) onto SWR. Moreover, the adsorption kinetics and isothermal adsorption were well described by Pseudo-2nd-order and Langmuir models, respectively. The maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity and 1/n values were determined 104.2 mg/g and 0.14, respectively, indicating that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto SWR could occur easily in aqueous solution. In addition, the negative values of Gibbs free energy (ΔG) and enthalpy (ΔH) in thermodynamic study were obtained, indicating that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto SWR was spontaneous in nature and that it represented an exothermic reaction. We conclude that SWRs, which are obtainable from agricultural waste, can be effectively used as bio-adsorbent to remove Pb(II) from aqueous solutions. |
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| Key Words |
| Adsorption, Kinetic, Lead removal, Sulfonation, Watermelon rind, 흡착, 동역학, 납 제거, 술폰화, 수박껍질 |
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