| Abstract |
| In this paper activated neutralized red mud, herein referred to as Toxic-out powder(TOP), is used as a novel adsorbent for removing acetaminophen derived from pharmaceuticals and other personal care products(PPCPs) wastewater. The adsorption of acetaminophen on Toxic-out powder(TOP) is studied as a function of pH, contact time, and adsorbent dosage. The results of adsorption studies indicate that adsorption of acetaminophen by TOP reveals promising results for the removing of acetaminophen in the pharmaceuticals and other personal care products(PPCPs) wastewater, although adsorption of acetaminophen by TOP shows low adsorption capacity at pH values below 7.0 and requires more longer contact time, comparing to activated carbon. It is assumed that adsorption mechanisms of acetaminophen by TOP result in the lattice space of the neoformed minerals such as brucite (Mg(OH)2), aragonite (CaCO3), para-aluminohydrocalcite (CaAl2(CO3)2(OH)4.3H2O), portlandite (Ca(OH)2), hydrocalumite (Ca2Al(OH)7.3H2O) and hydrotalcite (Mg6Al2CO3(OH)16.4H2O) during the TOP manufacturing process. These findings suggest that Toxic-out powder could be used as an efficient low-cost adsorbent for removing acetaminophen in the natural stream, groundwater, and soil as well as pharmaceuticals and other personal care products wastewater. |
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| Key Words |
| Acetaminophen, Activated red mud, Toxic-out powder, Adsorption, Personal care products |
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